Check vehicle details on Statens Vegvesen

https://www.vegvesen.no/kjoretoy/kjop-og-salg/kjoretoyopplysninger/sjekk-kjoretoyopplysninger?registreringsnummer=YF16565

https://www.vegvesen.no/kjoretoy/kjop-og-salg/kjoretoyopplysninger/sjekk-kjoretoyopplysninger/

Honda Jazz 本田飞度

https://www.finn.no/car/used/ad.html?finnkode=345803764

Gamle riksvei 15, 8008 Bodø

Things to do after buying a car

  1. Agreement with a company to pay the toll.
  2. Parking regulations 到底哪里可以停车，如何缴费。(违章停车罚款900克朗)

Toyota 丰田

Corolla 卡罗拉

Batchback

Hatchback

Sedan

Sedan

Trunk curtain / luggage cover

Luggage Cover

Luggage Cover

C-HR

RAV4 荣放 recreatinal activity vehicle, 4-wheel drive

solid, drives steadily in winter,

保险 sammenligne bil forsikringer

Sjekk heftelser [previous credit for car damages]

Don’t buy a car of 10-year old. It is about to reach its life limit and problems start to pop up.

Engine

Number of cylinders

  • Most cars and SUV enginess have four, six, or eight cylinders.
  • Generally, an engine with more cylinders produces more power, while an engine with fewer cylinders gets better fuel economy

Engine displacement 发动机排量

  • measured in liters and cubic centimeters (cc)

E.g., a 1.3-liter four-cylinder engine has 1.3 liters of volume in its four cylinders. Engine displacement is an important aspect of how much horsepower and torque an engine can create.

horsepower 马力 (Effekt)

1 hp is to lift 550 pounds by 1 foot in 1 sec. It’s a measurement of how much work you can get overtime.

  • Electri motors provide more push at equal horsepower ratings and gearing than internal combustion engines (ICE) because all their torque is immediately available at 0 RPM.

  • ICE have to start spinning at speed to really generate power.

Engine speed measured by RPM.

Horsepower = (Torque * RPM) / 5252, where torque is in Lb-Ft.

torque 扭矩

  • which is measured in pound-feet (lb-ft) or newton meters (Nm).
  • The peak torque will show you how much power that vehicle will have off the line and that will translate more into your enjoyment than HP will.
  • Torque is more important when you first accelerate; horsepower is more important when you want to maintain peak performance.

minimum road clearance 最小离地间隙

Mile Per Gallon 英里每加仑 (fuel efficiency 越高越好)

When you see words such as ‘up to 30 MPG,’ the vehicle may only achieve 30 miles per gallon in the most ideal conditions.

Drivstofforbruk (fuel consumption)

Corolla 4.4-4.9 L/100 km

Transmission types: automatic/ manual

wheelbase 轴距

前后车轮中心距离 越长的话，车体越长。

Traction in Snow

要买四驱 AWD/4WD

前驱控制力不够

型号 车身长度 轴距 代表车型
微型 3.7M以下 2350mm 以下 QQ、SPARK、哈飞路宝、奥拓、
小型 3.7-4.3M 2350 - 2500mm 206、飞度、polo、嘉年华
紧凑型 4.3-4.6M 2500 - 2700mm FOCUS、速腾、卡罗拉、307、思域
中型 4.6-4.9M 2700 - 2800mm 凯美瑞、迈腾、雅阁、致胜、铂锐、奔驰C、宝马3、奥迪A4
中大型 4.9-5.1M 2800 - 2900mm 奔驰E、宝马5、奥迪A6
豪华 5.1M 2900mm 以上 奔驰S、宝马7、奥迪A8

Nissan 日产 (长4.49，宽1.79，高1.54)

Nissan

Tesla Warranty

Model 3

  • Rear-wheel drive 后轮驱动版: 8 年或 16 万公里（以先到者为准），且特斯拉保证质保期内电池保有最低 70% 的电池容量。
  • Long range 长续航版 + Performance 高性能版: 8 年或 19.2 万公里（以先到者为准），且特斯拉保证质保期内电池保有最低 70% 的电池容量。电池容量77 kWh， 350伏.

高性能：续航跟普通版差不多。马力大，加速快。

total voltage of the battery 电池电压

电压高的好处：提高充电速度，缓解续航压力。

电车坏掉发动机的几率要小，保养更便宜。油车发动机构造更复杂。

Repair and maintainance is about 50% cheeper for EVs.

Because EVs lack engines, complex transmissions, and fuel or exhaust systems—they should cost less to service than gas-powered vehicles.

Used Vehicle Limited Warranty provides additional coverage of 1 year or 20,000 km.

Parts, body and pantin repair limited warranty

The Tesla Parts, Body & Paint Repair Limited Warranty begins on the purchase date of the part(s), and coverage extends for a period of 12 months or 12,500 miles, which ever comes first. Specific categories of parts have unique warranty coverage periods:

  • Sheet metal: Limited lifetime
  • Drive Unit$^1$ 驱动总成: 4 years or 50,000 miles, whichever comes first 4 年或 8 万公里，以先到者为准
  • Vehicle High Voltage Battery$^1$ 车辆高压电池: 4 years or 50,000 miles, whichever comes first
  • Wall Connectors 壁挂式连接器: 4 years for personal use, 12 months for commercial use
  • Touchscreen and Media Control Unit 触摸屏和媒体控制单元: 2 years or 25,000 miles, whichever comes first
  • Clear Protection Film$^2$: 10 years
  • Color Paint Film$^2$: 5 years
  1. Excludes the Tesla Roadster, which has a warranty of 2 years or 25,000 miles, whichever comes first.
  2. Only available in the United States. Excludes defects in workmanship (installation), which has a warranty of 12 months or 12,500 miles (20,000 km), whichever comes first.

https://www.facebook.com/groups/bodokjopogsalg/permalink/10160631466488813/?sale_post_id=10160631466488813

新车

LR续航629km (后驱513km，高性能530km)

马力horsepower 440hp

NOK 245,000 Model 3 Long Range 2019 Black 91,000km

Battery Replacement Cost: £8,000 plus labour (Tesla repair centre) to £10,000

Battery degradation 电池衰减: lose 30% capacity after 180,000 km. $\rightarrow$ the car value drops fast.

When the temperature starts to fall below 10 deg c/50f there is increased demand to heat the cabin and battery, both through heaters and higher internal resistance of the battery, which consumes significantly more energy at the beginning of a journey. This is normal.

可能加速电池永久退化的因素包括在非常高的温度下驾驶、经常充电到电池的最大容量或放电到空，以及频繁使用强大的高速充电器。

If you own an EV, avoid regular rapid charging, don’t store the car at 100% charge for long periods, and run the battery right down occasionally to keep it in good health.

冬季里程数要打7折。

保险费用高 (一旦出现碰撞，车子基本报废，电池不耐碰撞)

Although the daily running costs of an electric vehicle is cheaper, the insurance is typically more expensive. Electric vehicles, especially their batteries, are generally more expensive to repair. It therefore makes sense for insurers to charge more for vehicles that may potentially cost more to repair.

How to pay tolls?

电车过路费便宜，为油车的半价。

电池种类

  • 磷酸铁锂电池
  • 三元锂

lithium-ion batteries degrade over time. According to National Grid, most EV batteries will have a life of 15 to 20 years.

电吸门

油车

一般的民用车辆加满油的续航里程都是500公里以上！一般小型车油箱容量35-45升，中型车油箱容量55-75升左右。加满一油箱后一般都可以行驶500公里左右，根据汽车的排量大小油耗大的油箱就大油耗小的油箱就小。

电车

Audi e-tron 2020 81k km NOK 330k; (Q8 e-tron 50 NOK 700k)
Nissan Leaf e+ Tekna 2021 62kWh 46k km NOK 290k; (NOK 333k)

Hybrid 混动，油电混合汽车的电池通常不能充电，而是通过刹车或滑行等过程产生电能，供电动机使用。

Rechargeabl hybrid 插电式混动

保值 resale value, residual value

How quickly do electric cars depreciate versus petrol, diesel and hybrid cars?

EVs lose 51 per cent of their purchase value in three years compared (compared to) 37 per cent for petrol-powered vehicles.

How long will an eletric car battery last? (battery lose capacity over time)

15-20 years

Savings on gas, tolls, tax credits.

toll tag

AutoPASS bombrikke

A valid user agreement and a toll payment tag in your vehicle will give you a discount at all toll stations marked “AutoPASS”.

Contact a toll service provider to sign an agreement.

Crossover 穿越

Chassis 底盘

Str.lasterom (size of trunk, boot space, 后备箱尺寸)

  • 两厢 150-300 L
  • 三厢 350-500 L
  • SUV 300-600 L

antall eier 车主人数

Volkswagen 大众

Audi Q5 2018停产

Q5 2020 | NOK 500k | 80k km |

ID.3 | NOK 358k | range 553km | 204 hp |

Garanti/ Warranty: All cars imported by Harald A. Møller AS, registered from and including 01.01.2011, have a Norwegian warranty of 5 years / 100,000 km, depending on which occurs first. Separate warranty on battery pack, 8 years / 160,000 km, whichever occurs first.

长 4.3m 宽 1.8m 高 1.56m 后备箱 385L

后驱

rakkevidde (range)

BYD 比亚迪 cn

BYD Dolphin 海豚 | NOK 300k | rekkevidde 427 km |

BYD Seal 海豹 |

  • 4x4 | NOK 470k |
  • U | NOK 400k |

BYD ATTO3 | NOK 400k |

BYD Tang | NOK 680k |

BYD Han | NOK 615k |

Volvo

  • V60 2019 EI + Bensin | NOK 400k | 70k km |

Toyota Corolla 丰田卡罗拉 1.8L GR Sport | 1412 kg |

Prius 普锐斯

卡罗拉双引擎是一款混合动力汽车，使用1.8升自然吸气发动机和电动机。

”双擎“是丰田油电混合动力技术的中文名称，顾名思义，他有两个“引擎”共同驱动车辆行驶，分别是汽油发动机与电动机(油电混合)。

  • 卡罗拉不需要充电，双擎的主要作用是减少油耗，双擎汽车的电能是用发动机所产生的剩余能量转化而来的，要是汽车没油了也是无法开动的。

  • 卡罗拉双擎采用高功率的镍氢蓄电池，通过车辆加速时的放电和减速时的再生制动以及发动机行驶时产生的剩余能量充电来累积充放电的电流，控制充电状态保持均衡。所以这就是一个完美的绿色循环——起步，制动，动能回收，电池充电，正常行驶。这也是卡罗拉双擎无需外部充电的原因。

1.8 L Bensin-Hybrid e-CVT 140hp, 4.4-4.9 L/100km.

2.0 L Bensin-Hybrid Dynamic force e-CVT 196hp, 4.4-4.8 L/100km.

Sense (NOK 420k; CNY 300k) — Active — Active tech — GR Sport (NOK 500k; CNY 343 k) — Executive

混合动力汽车

  • “不插电混动”：普通混动车的电池是不能靠外接电源充电的，即不插电混动。即只用加汽油，在刹车、下坡时，车辆会自动利用制动能量进行电池充电，在起步等阶段，让电机介入，产生更大的功率。但是由于电池小，主要电能来自制动力的回收，所以一般只有在起步阶段电机会介入工作。主要目的是省油和静音。 不插电混动一般纯电模式无法运作、或者只能开很短的路程，一般不超过5KM，毕竟电池小。

  • “插电混动”：插电式混合动力汽车通过外接电源充电，电池容量比较大，在纯电模式下续航里程更长，这类车的燃油经济性更好。比如奥迪e-tron， 拥有更大的电池和更强的电机， 这种车也有动能回收装置，但是更多的还是需要在充电桩进行充电的。在车辆起步、急加速情况下，电机都会运作，主要目的是提高输出功率。由于需要频繁用电，所以电池较大，一般纯电可以跑50-100km。 但是这种混动车结构更复杂，也比较贵，同时又要加油又要充电，很麻烦， 目前比较少。 但是相比纯汽油车， 这种混动还是相对很省油的。

MHEV（轻度混合动力电动车）MHEV拥有最小的电动机，只能辅助内燃机，无法自行为车辆提供动力，电动机执行点火和加速辅助等功能。

FHEV（全混合动力电动车）拥有一台更大的电动机和一台内燃机，二者灵活且智能地协作。它还可实现纯电动驾驶，但通常只适用于数英里的短途驾驶。

PHEV（即插电式混合动力电动车）

Pris på skilt

https://www.vegvesen.no/en/vehicles/own-and-maintain/number-plates/ordering-number-plates/?lang=en

Prisen på ett skilt er 60 kroner, ett sett på to skilt koster 120 kroner. 普通牌照60克朗。

保险

sammenligne bil forsikringer

En stor endring er at det ikke lenger er tillatt å selge biler “som den er,” noe som gir bedre beskyttelse for de som kjøper bruktbiler fra forhandlere. Selgeren må nå informere kjøperen om alle feil på bilen.

Feil som oppdages innen to år etter kjøpet anses nå å ha vært til stede ved overtakelsen, en økning fra de tidligere 6 månedene. (两年内发生问题可以找 dealer，之前是6个月之内)

forhandler — dealer